Data model / schema · 1.1 · 2026-01-29

MLCommons Croissant

Maintained by MLCommons

What it helps you do

Croissant supports machine-readable dataset metadata, resources, record structure, ML semantics, provenance, and usage-policy extensions.

  • AI / ML
  • Cross-cutting
PlanAcquireHarmonizeExchangeLearn + reuse

01

Where it fits and where it does not

Use these four checks before committing implementation time.

Use it when
The final mile from governed data product to portable, loadable ML dataset across tools and repositories.
Limits
A newer cross-domain standard; life-science conventions and BioCroissant profiles are still developing.
Best for
AI / ML and Cross-cutting teams working across Harmonize → Exchange → Learn + reuse.
Maturity
ScalingUsable now, but adoption or tooling is still developing. Pilot the exact stack first.

02

See it in the workflow

This view shows the input, the change the standard introduces, and the resulting output.

  1. InputWhat starts

    AI / ML and Cross-cutting source data, metadata, and local mappings

  2. CroissantWhat changes

    Use Croissant as a pinned data model / schema across Harmonize → Exchange → Learn + reuse

  3. OutputWhat becomes possible

    A handoff the next system or team can validate against the same release

Readiness gateA newer cross-domain standard; life-science conventions and BioCroissant profiles are still developing.

03

A concrete example

A curated assay dataset publishes JSON-LD describing files, checksums, record sets, fields, splits, provenance, license, and intended ML use.

Why it matters: Directly standardizes what ML tools and agents need to discover, validate, load, and interpret dataset structure.

04

What it fits with

Extends Schema.org; can link domain vocabularies and PROV-O; BioCroissant is an active extension workstream with no released life-science profile verified here.

05

Implementation starter

Start with one bounded handoff. Pin, test, and review it before scaling.

  1. Define one handoff, its accountable owner, and the decision Croissant must support.

  2. Pin the exact version and companion artifacts: 1.1 · 2026-01-29.

  3. Map one representative input to the required data model / schema artifacts.

  4. Test the result against the canonical source and record every exception.

  5. Preserve the source data, mappings, and review evidence before scaling.

06

Test the main limitation

Risk

A newer cross-domain standard; life-science conventions and BioCroissant profiles are still developing.

Test

Run one representative end-to-end pilot and record exactly where Croissant loses context, needs an extension, or depends on another standard.

Risk

Machine-readable output may still be unfit for analysis or ML.

Test

Test the output for missing context, provenance, terminology alignment, time leakage, and the intended downstream decision. Directly standardizes what ML tools and agents need to discover, validate, load, and interpret dataset structure.

07

Official resources

Specifications, diagrams, examples, and guides from the organizations that maintain them.

  • Primary source1.1 · 2026-01-29

    Croissant 1.1 specification

    Official publisher or steward guidance for this data model / schema profile.

    Publisher
    MLCommons
    Open official source

Next action

Put this profile in context

Compare its role with adjacent standards or place it inside an end-to-end data pathway before choosing an implementation.